Solids Liquids Gases

(Photo Courtesy Loupe Clean)

In the previous post, i have discussed on the overview checklist that students need to know about this topic of Particulate Nature of Matter (commonly known as Kinetic Particle Theory).

Besides the “connection between relative molecular mass of a gas & its rate of diffusion” which is listed as very important, students should also know how to describe & differentiate the 3 States of Matter: Solids, Liquids & Gases, with respect to:

  1. Arrangement of the particles
  2. Forces between the particles
  3. Movement of the particles
  4. Energy of the particles
  5. Density

Let’s take a look at it now.

Comparison

Solids

Liquids

Gases

Arrangement of particles Closely packed together in an orderly arrangement Close together in a disorderly arrangement Far apart in a random arrangement
Forces between particles Strong forces Strong forces No forces
Movement of particles Vibrates about their fixed positions Slide past each other randomly Move about quickly & randomly
Energy of particles Low Moderate High
Density High (bcos particles are close together) Quite high (bcos particles are close together) Low (bcos particles are far apart)

With the above comparisons, we shall now discuss which States of Matter can be compressed upon the application of pressure  – something that we learn from parents and junior schools when we are young.

Solids - Not compressible

Reason: Particles are closely packed together and no empty spaces for particles to move in

Liquids - Not compressible

Reason: Particles are closely packed together and no empty spaces for particles to move in

Gases - Compressible

Reason: Particles are very far apart from each other and they are alot of empty spaces for particles to move in, upon the application of any kind of pressure

Hope you have learned something here! I would love to hear from you on how find it. =)

Now, it’s time for you to try out some Chemistry exam-based questions.

Quick Check 1:

Which of them has a fixed volume? Solids, Liquids or Gases? Explain your choices with respect to how their particles are being arranged. (2 marks)

&

Quick Check 2:

Many of Singapore homes as well as eateries and coffee shops are having cylinders in their premises known as LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas).

Suggest why large amounts of butane gas, used for cooking, are stored in liquid in cylinders. (1 mark)

PS: You can write your suggested answer below in the Comments Section. We will get back to you soon with our suggested answers.

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